Roads that follow geology
Some roads were built because the volcano made the only flat space. Others were carved across cooled lava because it was the shortest way. Either way, driving them feels different from driving a regular highway.
These are not always good roads. Many are single lane, some are gravel, a few are best avoided in wet weather. But they tend to deliver views that the same landscape from a viewpoint cannot match.
Selected drives
Iceland's Ring Road passes a remarkable sequence of volcanic landscapes, but the side roads off it are where the variety is. The road to Hverir in the north drops through a lunar steam field.
Chile's Carretera Austral cuts through the volcanic lake district. The stretch around Lago General Carrera is gravel for much of its length but the views are worth the slow pace.
Italy's road around Etna's mid-slopes circles the entire mountain, passing through pistachio villages and across recent lava flows.
Indonesia's road to Mount Bromo is paved and busy now but the final stretch across the Sea of Sand is unforgettable in the early morning.
Practicalities
Volcanic gravel is hard on tyres. A four-wheel-drive is wise for any unpaved section. Carry a spare and the knowledge of how to change it.
Fuel is often far apart in volcanic regions. Fill up at every opportunity.
Timing the light
Volcanic landscapes photograph best in the first and last hours of daylight. The texture of lava, the steam from vents, the colour of pumice all respond to low light.
Travel tips
- → Top up fuel at every station, gaps are long
- → Drive in daylight only on unfamiliar gravel
- → Watch for ash on roads after recent activity
- → Pull over to view, never stop in the lane
Best season
Dry season for tropical roads, summer for cold-climate routes.
How to get there
Rent a four-wheel-drive at the nearest regional airport. Allow plenty of buffer time for the drive itself.
What to expect
Slow average speeds, dramatic vistas, and frequent stops.
Frequently asked questions
Is a regular car enough?
For paved volcanic roads yes. For gravel sections, four-wheel-drive is strongly recommended.
Insurance considerations?
Confirm coverage on unpaved roads. Many rental contracts exclude gravel.
Can I drive alone?
Generally yes, with normal precautions. Tell someone your route and expected arrival.